Picture by Troy Mortier @ Unsplash.com
Engine overheat is one of the problems that is often found in heavy equipment components and can be indicated a catastrophic failure if not treated immediately. In addition, engine overheat can also increase the engine load in operation. Engine overheat can happen due to several factors or failures that can be classified into the following subsystem:
Cooling System
The cooling system is the most likely factor when the engine occurs overheat, where the heat from the engine isn’t completely absorbed by the cooling system. Some damage to components such as radiators, water pumps, and thermostats can cause the engine to not operate according to its function. Some leaks in the hoses, radiators, and other cooling components can cause a decrease in the supply of water and airflow as the cooling fluid in the system. In addition, some contaminants (such as mineral deposits, foreign objects, dust, or debris due to worn components) have accumulated and blocked the cooling fluid lines, radiators, and water pump lines which can disturb the cooling fluid circulation.
Combustion System
Lack of oil in the combustion system can induce friction between the piston and cylinder to increase. Reduced oil occurs due to leaks in the ducts and cracks in components such as the engine oil pan. Cracks on the cylinder head also can cause incomplete combustion and mixed-up oil, fuel, and coolant. In addition, engine overheat can also be caused by improper fuel timing, so it needs to be reset by testing and adjusting.
Intake & Exhaust System
The inlet blocked with contaminants, dust, and others can cause the decreasing air intake in the engine and the increasing temperature in the cylinder. The exhaust gas line covered with contaminants can cause the exhaust gas to be trapped and remain in the engine resulting in the engine temperature becoming high.
Environmental Factors
Incorrect placement of fan components (blocked by several other components) can lead engine heat not to be absorbed as it should, and affect the circulation of cooling fluid in the system. Positioning the engine in a high area also can cause the coolant fluid to expand due to high system pressure. In addition, high ambient temperatures can result in a greater load on the cooling system because there is no significant temperature difference between the system and the environment.
To prevent the engine from overheating, periodic inspections and maintenance are required to ensure that there are no leaks, damage, and dirt. It also ensures the components function properly so engine overheat can be prevented. So, make sure to always do a thorough periodical maintenance of the engine because they are so fragile and very expensive.
Sources : 5 Typical Reasons Overheating by Azuma, Tsukasa and Engine-Overheating by penambang.com
Written by : Ayu Nurizza
